Preview

Theory and Practice of Forensic Science

Advanced search

History and Current State of Forensic Analysis of Extremist Materials

https://doi.org/10.30764/64/1819-2785-2016-3-146-154

Abstract

The paper looks at the history and current state of forensic analysis of the content and intentionality of contentious (extremist) materials. It discusses different approaches based in linguistics, psychology, and social sciences/humanities, as well as issues relating to integrated forensic psycholinguistic analysis. Techniques and methodological recommendations described in the paper were developed by the experts of the Research Institute for Law and Order of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, various national forensic organizations, such as the Russian Federal Center of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, the Forensic Science Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, forensic divisions of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, and members of the scientific community. Generic methodologies (linguistic and psycholinguistic) proposed by government agency specialists for the forensic evaluation of extremism manifestations are discussed, including the level of methodological sophistication, and the problem of methodological harmonization in this field of forensics.

About the Authors

M. V. Kroz
Academy of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation


N. A. Ratinova
Academy of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation


References

1. Volzhenkin B.V. Iz istorii stanovleniya st. 74. [From history of formation of article No 74]. Problema otvetstvennosti za razzhiganie mezhnatsional’noi rozni. [Problem of responsibility for incitement of ethnic strife]. Moscow: Memorial Publ., 1993. pp. 29-30 (In Russ).

2. Ratinov A.R., Kroz M.V., Ratinova N.A. Otvetstvennost’ za razzhiganie vrazhdy i nenavisti. Psikhologo-pravovaya kharakteristika [Responsibility for incitement of hostility and hatred. Psychological and legal characteristic]. Moscow: Yurlitinform Publ., 2005. 256 p. (In Russ).

3. Girenko N.M. Sotsiogumanitarnaya ekspertiza kak istochnik dokazatel’stvennoi informatsii. Metodika rassledovaniya prestuplenii, sovershaemykh na pochve natsional’noi ili rasovoi vrazhdy ili nenavisti [Socio-humanistic examination as source of evidentiary information. In: A technique of investigation of the crimes committed because of national or racial hatred]. St. Petersburg, 2002. pp. 86-91 (In Russ).

4. Korshunova O.N., Vinnikov A.Ya., Girenko N.M., Serova E.B., Uzunova V.G. Sotsiogumanitarnaya ekspertiza prestuplenii na pochve nenavisti [Socio-humanistic examination of crimes on hatred grounds]. St. Petersburg: Norma Publ., 2005. 118 p. (In Russ).

5. Batov V.I. O sudebnoi psikhologo-lingvisticheskoi ekspertize. Voprosy sudebnoi psikhologicheskoi ekspertizy. [About forensic psychological linguistic examination. In: Questions of forensic psychological examination]. Moscow, 1974. pp. 33-35. (In Russ).

6. Psikholingvisticheskaya ekspertiza ksenofobii v sredstvakh massovoi informatsii. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii dlya rabotnikov pravookhranitel’nykh organov [Psycholinguistic examination of xenophobia in mass media. Methodical recommendations for employees of law enforcement agencies]. Moscow: Smysl Publ., 2003. 85 p. (In Russ.).

7. Leont’ev A.A., D.A. Leont’ev, editors. Skrytoe emotsional’noe soderzhanie tekstov SMI i metody ego ob”ektivnoi diagnostiki [Hidden emotional contents of texts of mass media and methods of its objective diagnostics]. Moscow: Smysl, 2004. 229 p. (In Russ.).

8. Yuzhaninova A.L. Voprosy metodiki sudebnoi psikhologicheskoi ekspertizy verbal’nogo ekstremizma [Questions of a technique of forensic psychological examination of verbal extremism]. Sudebnaya ekspertiza. 2008. No 3 (15). pp. 43-50. (In Russ.).

9. Gorbanevskii M.V., editor. Tsena slova: Iz praktiki lingvisticheskikh ekspertiz tekstov SMI v sudebnykh protsessakh po zashchite chesti, dostoinstva i delovoi reputatsii [Word price: From practice of linguistic examinations of texts of mass media in legal procedures on protection of honor, advantage and business reputation]. Moscow: Galeriya Publ., 2002, 424 p. (In Russ).

10. Gorbanevskii M.V., editor. Teoriya i praktika lingvisticheskogo analiza tekstov SMI v sudebnykh ekspertizakh i informatsionnykh sporakh: Sbornik materialov nauchno-prakticheskogo seminara. Moskva, 7-8 dekabrya 2002 g. Chast’ 2 [The theory and practice of the linguistic analysis of texts of mass media in forensic examinations and information disputes: Proc. of a scientific and practical seminar. Moscow, December 7-8, 2002. Part 2]. Moscow: Galeriya Publ., 2003. 328 p. (In Russ.).

11. Gorbanevskii M.V., editor. Kak provesti lingvisticheskuyu ekspertizu spornogo teksta? Pamyatka dlya sudei, yuristov SMI, advokatov, prokurorov, sledovatelei, doznavatelei i ekspertov [How to carry out linguistic expertize of the controversial text? An instruction for judges, lawyers of mass media, lawyers, prosecutors, investigators and experts]. 2-d edition. Moscow: Yuridicheskii Mir Publ., 2006. 112 p. (In Russ.).

12. Galyashina E.I. Lingvistika vs ekstremizma: V pomoshch’ sud’yam, sledovatelyam, ekspertam [Linguistics vs extremism: For help to judges, investigators, experts]. Moscow: Yuridicheskii Mir, 2006. 96 p. (In Russ.).

13. Baranov A.N. Lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza teksta: teoreticheskie osnovy i praktika [Linguistic examination of the text: theoretical bases and practice]. 3d edition. Moscow: FLINTA, Nauka Publ., 2011. 592 p. (In Russ).

14. Brinev K.I. Teoreticheskaya lingvistika i sudebnaya lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza: monografiya [Theoretical linguistics and judicial linguistic examination: monograph]. Barnaul: 2009. 252 p. (In Russ.).

15. Kuznetsov S.A., Olennikov S.M. Ekspertnye issledovaniya po delam o priznanii informatsionnykh materialov ekstremistskimi: teoreticheskie osnovaniya i prakticheskoe rukovodstvo [Expert researches on cases of recognition of information materials extremist: theoretical bases and practice guidance].2nd edition. Moscow: V. Ema Publ., 2014. 312 p. (In Russ).

16. Osadchii M.A. Pravovoi samokontrol’ oratora [Legal self-checking of the speaker]. Moscow: Al’pina Biznes Buks Publ., 2007. 316 p. (In Russ).

17. Podkatilina M.L. Sudebnaya lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza ekstremistskikh materialov: monografiya [Forensic linguistic examination of extremist materials: monograph]. Moscow: Yurlitinform Publ., 2013. 184 p. (In Russ).

18. Ob ispol’zovanii spetsial’nykh poznanii po delam i materialam o vozbuzhdenii natsional’noi, rasovoi ili religioznoi vrazhdy. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii General’noi prokuratury RF ot 29.06.1999 No 27-19-99. [About use of special knowledge on affairs and materials about initiation of race, racial or religious strife. Methodical recommendations of the Prosecutor General’s Office of RF from 29.06.1999 No. 27-19-99] (In Russ).

19. Otvetstvennost’ za kriminal’nye proyavleniya ekstremizma. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Responsibility for criminal manifestations of extremism. Methodical recommendations]. Moscow: NII problem ukrepleniya zakonnosti i pravoporyadka pri General’noi prokurature RF, 2002. 38 p. (In Russ).

20. Kroz M.V., Ratinova N.A. Uchastie psikhologa v prokurorskikh proverkakh i rassledovanii prestuplenii o vozbuzhdenii natsional’noi, rasovoi, religioznoi, sotsial’noi vrazhdy. Nauchno-metodicheskoe posobie [Participation of the psychologist in public prosecutor’s checks and investigation of crimes about initiation of race, racial, religious, social hatred. Scientific and methodical textbook]. Moscow: NII problem ukrepleniya zakonnosti i pravoporyadka pri General’noi prokurature Rossiiskoi Federatsii, 2006. 104 p. (In Russ).

21. Andrianov M.S. Ispol’zovanie spetsial’nykh poznanii dlya opredeleniya smyslovoi napravlennosti neverbal’nykh (izobrazitel’nykh) kommunikativnykh sredstv. Nauchno-prakticheskoe posobie [Use of special knowledge for determination of a semantic orientation of nonverbal (graphic) communicative means. Scientific and practical textbook]. Moscow: NII problem ukrepleniya zakonnosti i pravoporyadka pri General’noi prokurature RF, 2006. 136 p. (In Russ).

22. Kukushkina O.V., Safonova Yu.A., Sekerazh T.N. Teoreticheskie i metodicheskie osnovy sudebnoi psikhologo-lingvisticheskoi ekspertizy tekstov po delam, svyazannym s protivodeistviem ekstremizmu [Theoretical and methodical bases of forensic psychological-linguistic examination of texts on the affairs connected with counteraction to extremism]. Moscow: FBU RFTsSE, 2011. 331 p. (In Russ.).

23. Kukushkina O.V., Safonova Yu.A., Sekerazh T.N. Metodika provedeniya kompleksnoi sudebnoi psikhologo-lingvisticheskoi ekspertizy po delam, svyazannym s protivodeistviem ekstremizmu i terrorizmu [Method of carrying out complex forensic psychological-linguistic examination of the affairs connected with counteraction to extremism and terrorism]. Moscow: FBU RFTsSE, 2014. 98 p. (In Russ).

24. Grimailo E.A., Nazarova T.V., Mamaev N.Yu., Korshikov A.P., Rostovskaya A.V. Tipovaya metodika sudebnoi lingvisticheskoi ekspertizy: Metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Method of carrying out complex judicial psychological-linguistic examination of the affairs connected with counteraction to extremism and terrorism]. Moscow: OMU EKTs MVD Rossii, 2008. 80 p. (In Russ).

25. Nazarova T.V., Grimailo E.A., Mamaev N.Yu., Korshikov A.P., Rostovskaya A.V. Lingvisticheskoe issledovanie ustnykh i pis’mennykh tekstov. Tipovye ekspertnye metodiki issledovaniya veshchestvennykh dokazatel’stv: Ch. I [Linguistic research of oral and written texts. In: Standard expert techniques of research of material evidences: Part. 1]. Moscow: INTERKRIM-PRESS, 2010. pp. 243-292. (In Russ.).

26. Sitkovskaya O.D., editor. Yuridicheskaya psikhologiya: uchebnik [Legal psychology: textbook]. Moscow: Yurlitinform Publ., 2011. 472 p. (In Russ).

27. Dubrovskii D. Problemy spetsial’noi ekspertizy v ramkakh antiekstremistskogo zakonodatel’stva. Rossiya – ne Ukraina: sovremennye aktsenty natsionalizma: sb. statei [Problems of special examination within the anti-extremism legislation. In: Russia is not Ukraine: modern accents of nationalism: collection of articles]. Moscow: Tsentr Sova, 2014. pp. 207-228. (In Russ).


Review

For citations:


Kroz M.V., Ratinova N.A. History and Current State of Forensic Analysis of Extremist Materials. Theory and Practice of Forensic Science. 2016;(3(43)):146-154. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30764/64/1819-2785-2016-3-146-154

Views: 1608


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 1819-2785 (Print)
ISSN 2587-7275 (Online)