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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sudexpert</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теория и практика судебной экспертизы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theory and Practice of Forensic Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-2785</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7275</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30764/1819-2785-2026-2-122-135</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sudexpert-982</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРТНАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FORENSIC CASEWORK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практика экспертизы бриллиантов в современных условиях: классификация и основные типы бриллиантов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Practice of Diamond Examination in Modern Conditions: Classification and Main Types of Diamonds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хмельницкий</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khmel’nitskii</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хмельницкий Роман Абрамович - к. ф-м. н, ведущий научный сотрудник Физического института им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН; научный консультант ООО «Алмазный НТК»</p><p>Москва 119991, Москва 108840</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khmelnitsky Roman Abramovich - Cand. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Leading Research Fellow, Р.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Scientific Consultant of Diamond STC (LLC)</p><p>Moscow 119991, 108840 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khmelnitskyra@lebedev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешанова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshanova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плешанова Мария Максимовна - государственный судебный эксперт отдела минералогической экспертизы</p><p>Москва 101000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pleshanova Maria Maksimovna - State Forensic Expert of the Mineralogical Examination Department of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science named after Professor A.R. Shlyakhov of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.pleshanova@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабибова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabibova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабибова Полина Андреевна - государственный судебный эксперт отдела минералогической экспертизы</p><p>Москва 101000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabibova Polina Andreevna - State Forensic Expert of the Mineralogical Examination Department of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science named after Professor A.R. Shlyakhov of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.khabibova@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грязнов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gryaznov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грязнов Павел Владимирович - сотрудник ООО «Алмазный НТК»</p><p>Москва 108840</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gryaznov Pavel Vladimirovich - Employee of Diamond STC (LLC)</p><p>108840 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pvlgryaznov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-3911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герасимова Екатерина Игоревна - к. г.-м. н., заместитель начальника отдела минералогической экспертизы</p><p>Москва 101000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gerasimova Ekaterina Igorevna - Cand. Sc. (Geology and Mineralogy), Deputy Head of the Mineralogical Examination Department of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science named after professor A.R. Shlyakhov of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.gerasimova@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева Российской академии наук;&#13;
ООО «Алмазный НТК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Р.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Diamond STC (LLC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение Российский федеральный центр судебной экспертизы имени профессора А.Р. Шляхова при Министерстве юстиции Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science named after professor A.R. Shlyakhov of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Алмазный НТК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Diamond STC (LLC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>135</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хмельницкий Р.А., Плешанова М.М., Хабибова П.А., Грязнов П.В., Герасимова Е.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хмельницкий Р.А., Плешанова М.М., Хабибова П.А., Грязнов П.В., Герасимова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khmel’nitskii R.A., Pleshanova M.M., Khabibova P.A., Gryaznov P.V., Gerasimova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/982">https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/982</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам инструментальной диагностики происхождения бриллиантов в условиях современного ювелирного рынка, характеризующегося массовым появлением синтетических и облагороженных камней. Целью работы является определение ключевых диагностических оптических признаков, необходимых для надежной идентификации природы бриллиантов.</p><p>Представлены результаты обобщения экспертной практики отдела минералогической экспертизы ФБУ РФЦСЭ имени профессора А.Р. Шляхова при Минюсте Россиии по исследованию 55 образцов с использованием комплекса неразрушающих методов (визуального анализа, оптической микроскопии, ИК-Фурье-спектроскопии и фотолюминесцентной спектроскопии).</p><p>Рассмотрены и подробно описаны характеристики, приведены спектральные маркеры для четырех основных типов ограненных алмазов природных бриллиантов (IaAB), облагороженных природных бриллиантов после высокотемпературного HPHT-отжига и синтетических, выращенных методами HPHT и CVD.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article addresses topical issues of instrumental diagnostics of diamonds’ origin in the context of the modern jewelry market characterized by the widespread appearance of synthetic and treated stones. The objective of the study is to define the key diagnostic optical features necessary for the reliable identification of diamonds’ nature of origin.</p><p>The paper summarizes findings of The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science expert practice findings of examination of 55 samples using a complex of non-destructive methods (including visual analysis, optical microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy).</p><p>The study considers and provides the detailed characteristics and spectral markers for four primary types of cut diamonds: natural diamonds (Type IaAB), natural diamonds treated with high-temperature HPHT-annealing, and synthetic HPHT and CVD diamonds.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бриллианты</kwd><kwd>природа происхождения</kwd><kwd>природные алмазы</kwd><kwd>синтетические алмазы</kwd><kwd>HPHT</kwd><kwd>CVD</kwd><kwd>ИК-спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>фотолюминесценция</kwd><kwd>дефектно-примесный состав</kwd><kwd>судебная минералогическая экспертиза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diamonds</kwd><kwd>nature of origin</kwd><kwd>natural diamonds</kwd><kwd>synthetic diamonds</kwd><kwd>HPHT</kwd><kwd>CVD</kwd><kwd>IR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>photoluminescence</kwd><kwd>defective impurity composition</kwd><kwd>forensic mineralogy examination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Haenens-Johansson U.F.S., Butler J.E., Katrusha A.N. 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