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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sudexpert</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теория и практика судебной экспертизы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theory and Practice of Forensic Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-2785</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7275</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-41-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sudexpert-754</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подлинность в уголовном праве, криминалистике и судебной экспертизе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Authenticity in Criminal Law, Criminalistics and Forensic Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5916-6967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аснис</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asnis</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аснис Александр Яковлевич – д. юр. н., директор</p><p>121099, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asnis Alexander Yakovlevich – Doctor of Law, Director of Law Office</p><p>121099, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asnis@asnis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-6078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хазиев</surname><given-names>Ш. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaziev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хазиев Шамиль Николаевич – д. юр. н., доцент, главный научный сотрудник отдела научно-методического обеспечения производства экспертиз</p><p>109028, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khaziev Shamil Nikolaevich – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Principal Researcher at the Forensic Research Methodology Department</p><p>109028, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sh.khaziev@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московская городская коллегия адвокатов, Адвокатская контора «Аснис и партнеры»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Law Office “Asnis &amp; Partners” of the Moscow City Bar Association</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение Российский федеральный центр судебной экспертизы при Министерстве юстиции Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аснис А.Я., Хазиев Ш.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аснис А.Я., Хазиев Ш.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Asnis A.Y., Khaziev S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/754">https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/754</self-uri><abstract><p>Подлинность изделий, документов и ряда других объектов имеет первостепенное значение во всех областях человеческой деятельности. Незаконное изготовление поддельных товаров, документов, денег, ценных бумаг и некоторых других предметов влечет предусмотренную законом ответственность, в том числе уголовную.Вопросы о подлинности нередко ставятся перед экспертами при назначении ряда судебных экспертиз: почерковедческих, судебно-трасологических, судебно-товароведческих, криминалистической экспертизы материалов, веществ и изделий. Методики судебно-экспертного определения подлинности значительной части объектов требуют дальнейшего совершенствования.В статье рассмотрены объекты, подделка или фальсификация которых влечет уголовную ответственность, методы установления подлинности в криминалистике и судебной экспертизе, проанализированы особенности научного обоснования выводов о подлинности при проведении судебных экспертиз, а также вопросы оценки заключений экспертов, разрешавших данный вопрос по уголовным делам. Приведены примеры уникальных исследований подлинности объектов, имевшие место в истории криминалистики, а также данные о некоторых современных исследованиях редких культурных ценностей. Отмечается необходимость разработки ставших актуальными методов судебно-экспертного исследования относительно новых объектов, содержащих заведомо ложную информацию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authenticity of products, documents and some other objects is of paramount importance in all areas of human activity. Illicit manufacturing of the counterfeit goods, documents, money, and a number of other objects entails legal liability, including criminal.The questions about authenticity are commonly put before experts when appointing several forensic examinations: handwriting, traceological, commodity, materials, substances and products analysis. The techniques for forensic expert authenticity verification of a significant part of the objects require further improvement.The article reviews the objects, the forgery or falsification of which entails criminal liability, as well as the methods to establish the authenticity in criminalistics and forensic science. The authors also analyze the features of scientific substantiation of conclusions about authenticity in forensic examinations, and the questions of the evaluation of the expert opinions that resolved the issue in criminal cases. The article provides some examples of unique authenticity studies from the history of forensic science, as well as data on some contemporary studies of rare cultural objects. The authors highlight the need to further develop forensic methods that have become relevant concerning new objects known to contain deliberately false information.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заведомая ложность</kwd><kwd>криминалистика</kwd><kwd>подделка</kwd><kwd>подлинность</kwd><kwd>судебная экспертиза</kwd><kwd>фальсификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obvious falsity</kwd><kwd>forensic science</kwd><kwd>forgery</kwd><kwd>authenticity</kwd><kwd>forensic examination</kwd><kwd>falsification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Устюгова Е.Н. Об «историческом» и «онтологическом» смыслах соотношения подлинности и имитации // Studia Culturale. 2015. № 26. С. 167–178.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ustiugova E.N. About “Historical” and “Ontological” Senses of the Correlation of Authenticity and Imitation. 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