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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sudexpert</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теория и практика судебной экспертизы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theory and Practice of Forensic Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-2785</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7275</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30764/1819-2785-2021-2-97-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sudexpert-668</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРТНАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FORENSIC CASEWORK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности судебной молекулярно-генетической экспертизы при установлении таксономической принадлежности объектов растительного происхождения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Capabilities of Forensic Molecular Genetic Analysis in Establishing the Taxonomic Aﬃliation of Objects of Plant Origin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-1879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельянюк</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omel'yanyuk</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омельянюк Георгий Георгиевич – д. юр. н., к. б. н., доцент, заместитель директора ФБУ РФЦСЭ при Минюсте России, профессор кафедры судебно-экспертной деятельности Юридического института ФГАОУ ВО РУДН, профессор кафедры цифровой криминалистики МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана</p><p>Москва 109028</p><p>Москва 117198</p><p>Москва 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omel’yanyuk Georgii Georgievich – Doctor of Law, Candidate of Biology, Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Russian Ministry of Justice, Professor of the Department of Forensic Operations, Institute of Law, RUDN University; Professor of the Digital Forensics Department of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University</p><p>Moscow 109028</p><p>Moscow 117198</p><p>Moscow 105055</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.omelyanyuk@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5306-7802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Градусова</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gradusova</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Градусова Ольга Борисовна – заведующая лабораторией судебных почвоведческих и биологических экспертиз</p><p>Москва 109028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gradusova Ol’ga Borisovna – Head of the Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Soil Analysis</p><p>Moscow 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.gradusova@sudexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-7906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стороженко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Storozhenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стороженко Ирина Владиленовна – к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник отдела инноваций судебно-экспертной деятельности</p><p>Москва 109028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Storozhenko Irina Vladilenovna – Candidate of Biology, Leading Researcher of the Department of Innovations in Forensic Activities</p><p>Moscow 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinastor@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-2790</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбакова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбакова Анна Анатольевна – ведущий научный сотрудник отдела инноваций судебно-экспертной деятельности</p><p>Москва 109028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rybakova Anna Anatol’evna – Leading Researcher of the Department of Innovations in Forensic Activities</p><p>Moscow 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rybkaa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение Российский федеральный центр судебной экспертизы при Министерстве юстиции Российской Федерации; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный технический университет имени Н. Э. Баумана»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение Российский федеральный центр судебной экспертизы при Министерстве юстиции Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Омельянюк Г.Г., Градусова О.Б., Стороженко И.В., Рыбакова А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омельянюк Г.Г., Градусова О.Б., Стороженко И.В., Рыбакова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omel'yanyuk G.G., Gradusova O.B., Storozhenko I.V., Rybakova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/668">https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/668</self-uri><abstract><p>Контроль за оборотом растений, содержащих наркотические средства или психотропные вещества либо их прекурсоры, является одним из важнейших аспектов борьбы с наркопреступностью. В судебно-ботанической экспертизе традиционно применяются методы морфологического и анатомического анализа, которые не всегда информативны при определении видовой принадлежности измельченных и деградированных растительных объектов, а также не позволяют установить их индивидуально-конкретное тождество. Молекулярно-генетические методы исследования растений и сравнительные базы данных могли бы стать эффективными инструментами разрешения вопросов для целей правосудия. В частности, при производстве судебной молекулярно-генетической экспертизы наркосодержащих растений, представленных в виде порошка, весьма существенным является возможность определения их таксономической принадлежности, ввиду того что данные сведения имеют значение для квалификации преступления. В качестве примера представлены материалы дополнительной судебной экспертизы, проведенной в ФБУ РФЦСЭ при Минюсте России, результаты которой оказали существенное влияние на квалификацию совершенного правонарушения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The control over the circulation of plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances (or their precursors) is one of the most critical aspects of the ﬁght against drug crime. The forensic botanical examination uses classical morphological and anatomical analysis methods, which are not always informative enough when identifying species membership of shredded and degraded plant objects; similarly, they do not allow to establish their individual-speciﬁc identity. The molecular genetic methods of plant analysis and the comparative databases could serve as valuable tools for law enforcement purposes. In particular, in the production of forensic molecular genetic analysis of narcotic plants presented in powder, it is crucial to determine the taxonomic aﬃliation of the objects since this information aﬀects the qualiﬁcation of the crime. As a case the author presents the materials of an additional forensic examination conducted in the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, the results of which had a signiﬁcant impact on the qualiﬁcation of the committed oﬀense.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярно-генетическая экспертиза</kwd><kwd>объекты растительного происхождения</kwd><kwd>наркосодержащие растения</kwd><kwd>ДНК</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>таксономическая принадлежность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>molecular genetic analysis</kwd><kwd>objects of plant origin</kwd><kwd>drug-containing plants</kwd><kwd>DNA</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>taxonomic aﬃliation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linacre A., Gusm o L., Hecht W., Hellmann A.P., Mayr W.R., Parson W., Prinz M., Schneider P.M., Morling N. 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