sudexpertТеория и практика судебной экспертизыTheory and Practice of Forensic Science1819-27852587-7275The Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-2-43-50sudexpert-506Research ArticleМЕТОДЫ И СРЕДСТВАMETHODS AND TOOLSМетод производства судебной экспертизы фонограмм с использованием данных о частоте электрического тока сетиThe Electric Network Frequency Based Method of Forensic Audio AnalysisБессоновА. А.BessonovA. A.

Бессонов Алексей Александрович – д. ю. н., доцент, руководитель управления научно-исследовательской деятельности (научно-исследовательского института криминалистики) Главного управления криминалистики (Криминалистического центра) 

 

Bessonov Aleksey Aleksandrovich – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Science & Research Department (Research Institute of Criminalistics) of the General Directorate of Criminalistics (Criminalistics Center)

 Moscow 119311

bestallv@mail.ruБояровА. Г.BoyarovA. G.

Бояров Александр Григорьевич – старший эксперт лаборатории судебной экспертизы видео- и звукозаписей 

Москва 109028

Boyarov Alexander Grigoryevich – Senior State Forensic Examiner of the Laboratory of Forensic Video and Audio Analysis 

Moscow 109028

sass2002@yandex.ruСтепановМ. В.StepanovM. V.

Степанов Максим Валерьевич – руководитель отдела фоноскопических исследований управления организации экспертно-криминалистической деятельности Главного управления криминалистики (Криминалистического центра) 

Москва 119311

Stepanov Maksim Valer’evich – Head of the Audio Forensics Division of the Department of Organization of Expert Activities of the General Directorate of Criminalistics (Criminalistics Center) 

Moscow 119311

Stepanov_mv@Sledcom.ruСледственный комитет Российской ФедерацииРоссияInvestigative Committee of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФедеральное бюджетное учреждение Российский федеральный центр судебной экспертизы при Министерстве юстиции Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2019130720191424350Copyright © Бессонов А.А., Бояров А.Г., Степанов М.В., 20192019Бессонов А.А., Бояров А.Г., Степанов М.В.Bessonov A.A., Boyarov A.G., Stepanov M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.tipse.ru/jour/article/view/506

В статье описаны новые для российской экспертной практики возможности технического определения аутентичности фонограммы и особенностей ее изготовления при производстве судебной экспертизы фонограмм. В основе предлагаемого метода – сравнение показателей частоты электрического тока сети, отраженных на исследуемой фонограмме, с эталонными показателями частоты электрического тока сети, учет которых ведется с помощью специального аппаратно-программного комплекса. Метод разработан румынским экспертом Каталином Григорасом в 2005 году. За рубежом при производстве фоноскопических экспертиз данный метод используется с 2009 года и получил название Electric Network Frequency (ENF) Criterion. Раскрыта сущность метода, его возможности и ограничения, практическая ценность для установления наличия либо отсутствия монтажа фонограммы, даты и времени ее изготовления. Статья предназначена для экспертов как краткое описание метода и следователей (дознавателей) для ознакомления с новыми возможностями экспертных методов.

The article describes new possibilities for technical authentication of audio recordings and determination of circumstances in which they were made in the context of Russian forensic practice. The proposed method is based on comparing the frequency of the electric current in the grid reflected in the submitted audio evidence with reference electric network frequency (ENF) indicators, which are recorded on a regular basis using a specialized hardware and software suite. This method is known as the Electric Network Frequency (ENF) Criterion (developed by Romanian expert Catalin Grigoras in 2005) and has been used by forensic practitioners around the world since 2009. The paper discusses the substance of the method, its possibilities and limitations, and demonstrates its practical value in helping to establish whether an audio recording was tampered with, as well as the date and time it was made. The article is intended for experts as a summary of the method, and for investigators to familiarize themselves with the new possibilities of scientific methodology.

признаки монтажа фонограммаутентичность фонограммысудебная экспертиза фонограммфоноскопическая экспертизачастота электрического тока сетиElectric Network Frequencyaudio editing detectionaudio evidence authenticityforensic examination of audio recordingsforensic audio analysiselectric power grid frequencyENF analysisReferencesGrigoras C. Digital Audio Recording Analysis: The Electric Network Frequency (ENF) Criterion. International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law. 2005. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1558/sll.2005.12.1.63Grigoras C. Digital Audio Recording Analysis: The Electric Network Frequency (ENF) Criterion. International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law. 2005. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1558/sll.2005.12.1.63Grigoras C., Cooper A.J., Micha£ek M. Forensic Speech and Audio Analysis Working Group Best Practice Guidelines for ENF Analysis in Forensic Authentication of Digital Evidence. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.